Jet-type water heater



April 14, 1931. J. A. POWELL 1,800,356

' JET TYPE WATER HEATER Original Filed June 27, 1922 Patented Apr. 14,1931 Lacasse JAMES A. POWELL, on READING, PEN-rrsYAANiA` JET-TYPE WATERHEATER Original application filed June 27, 1922,k Serial N'o. 571,267;Divided and this application ffled 'February 26,1927.' SerialNo".^1'71,161. K t

This invention relates'. to Water heaters, andfparticularly' to heatersof the jet type, and this application is a divisioni of my applicationliled J une 27, 1922, and serially .V numbered 571,267, Which maturedinto:

' the increased. volume of 'Water is not heated Patent 1,621,853on'March 22, 1927.

An object of the invention is -to produce ajet type Water heateiwhichWill operate effectively and efficiently under Widely kvary'- ingconditionsof steam and WaterffloW.

Fig. 1 of the drawing accompanying and forming a part hereof, is atransverse section of a Water heater constituting one Y embodiment ofKLmy invention, and Fig. 2 is i5 a vieu7 in section taken on line 11-11of Fig.

1, of a divided water box.

lIt isl Well established that the over-all efficiency of a :power plantis increased by heating the feed Water before delivering it to theboilers. Toaccomplish this econom-- ically, it is necessary to A avoida-Waste ofV heat in the operation of withdrawing air or othernon-condensable fluids from` the heater. Itis alsofessential to 'avoidthe loss of steam particularly on ship-board 'or in localities VWhereWater suitable forlfeed Water purposes is scarce.

An object ofmy invention, therefore, is the `production of'a jettyp'evvater heater .30 Which operates economically undervvidely .varyingconditions of steam and Water' flow and Which avoids Waste of heatorsteam in the operation of withdrawingl the vnoncondensable fluids fromthe heater.

Itis usual power-house practice to heat the feed Water with steamexhausted froml one or more steam driven auxiliaries.

The feed .Water 1s made up 1n partlof condensate received from thecondensers- 10 serving the prime movers and Where jet condensersare'employed itis vmade up inpart of 'raWy Water, consequently, the quantity` of Water delivered to the -feed Water heater varies Withvariationsin the loadon the'prime movers, While the flow 'of steam,

from the auxiliaries is more constant. It is, therefore, consideredlbest practice to so proportion the` number of 'auxiliaries ex-A haustinginto eachf lheater l.that vthe heaters V" Will'. operate.- economicallyunder conditions occasioned by the most normal load on the.-prime-moversA With heatersnovv in.use,a. variation above and belowsuchfconditi'ons. vvilluoccasiony a. loss in. theeiiiciency of ztheheater. .'Under supennormal load conditions- Water. decreases thecapacityv ofsl the heater to .absorb-1 heatl and to condense the steamdelivere'dftoit.: The; surplusy steam inthe heater, therefore,jincreases the backpresf` lsurexon the auxiliariesfand this in turnreduces the eiiciency i of the auxiliaries and causes them to demandmore steamA in order tol accomplish the Work required of. them. Undersuch conditions the surplus -v steamso A mustbeI discharged fromtheheater-and it` is ordinarily vented tov the atmosphere withV aresultant Waste ofv both heat and Water.

While the/jet type/of lheater islsuperiorj to 7other vtypes bothfrom=the standpoint of operation, first lcost and maintenance, the

` difficulties .encountered in'other heatersv are accentuated` in thejettype and .particularly under conditions offlovv ,Water supply. Thisis'due-.to the fact that ay jetvtype of heater,

such as noW employed Awhen designed for normal load conditions on'themaingenerat-l ing units is. incapable .of occasioningr thev necessaryintimate intermingling ofI thev Water andy 'steam lunder :subnormal load.con ditions. As a result, much of the steam deliveredto the heater yisnot subjectedtothe cooling-.effect of such Water as is present 'in'.ythe heaterfand-.is therefore, (vented to the atmosphere at substantiallyits incoming temperature, v

In carrying out my invention, I provide a heater in which a number ofgroups of spray nozzles are employed and Ialso so` locate and arrangethe different groups of nozzles that anl effective carrier of water Inthe drawings I have shown a form of heater embodying the desirablefeatures of the heater illustrated in my above mentioned application,which matured into Patent No. 1,621,853.` As shown, the heater isequipped with a single steam header but is provided with a divided waterbox so arranged that the water entering the heater will be broken upinto a mass of separate drops of spray by 'spray nozzles even underconditions of low water flow. As shown, the casing 30 is provided withan air oitake port 35, a water discharge port 36 and two series of spraynozzles 31v and 32. Heating steam from auxiliaries or any other sourceof supply is preferably delivered to the upper portion ot the heaterthrough a port 39.

The spray nozzles 31 communicate with a water box 34: which receives itssupply of water through a pipe 16. This water box preferably extendshalf way around the casing 30 and the nozzles are preferably of lesscapacitythan the nozzles32 so that they will break the water up intospray even under conditions of low water flow. The nozzles 32communicate with a water box 36 which is, in elect, a continuation ofthe water box 34 except that its water distributeV ing space ispartitioned od from that of the box 311-, `Water box 36 is in effect acontinuation of water box 24 because box 36 receives water supplythrough a pipe or passage 17', which communicates with or is tapped oilthe pipe 16, as shown by the broken pipe connections in the drawings.Under such conditions, the nozzles 32 only receive water after thesupply is in excess of that which can be delivered through the nozzles31 and as a result the nozzles 31 receive a substantially constant iiowof water, even under varying water flow orlow head conditions,

whereas the nozzles 32 receivek water only under conditions of fulliowor high head. I have also shown combining cone 19 which correspondsin function, location and arrangement, to thecombining cone 19 of saidapplication. In addition, I have illus-v trated an upwardly projectingannular flange 37, notched at its upper edges and so arranged as tosegregate a water receiving channel 38 which is located immediatelybelow the spray nozzles 31 and 32 and sur rounds the interior of thecasing 30. Under such conditions, such water as is delivered to theinterior ot the heater by either the spray nozzles 31 or 32 withoutbeing broken up into spray, collects in the channel 38 and overflowsover thenotched edge of the liange 37. This water is therefore broken upinto separate streams by the notches and is turther broken up into dropsas ity falls through the interior of the heater. may be subdivided bypartitions so that each subdivision receives water from one series ofnozzles.

The channel 38 which is formed in part by the notched flange may beconsidered.

flow into a mass of spray even under widely,

varying conditions of water flow.

It is preterable to employ an airpump or air ejector for withdrawing thenon-con` densable vapors, air or other non-condensable iiuids throughthe port 35. The water disch. rge ports 36 may communicate with aystorage tank or it may communicate with a tail pipe or with the intakeport of a pump fordelivering the heater water to a storage tanl; orother suitable receptacle.

While I have described an embodiment of my invention, it will beapparentto those skilled in the art that variousV changes, modilications,substitutions,additions and omissions may be made in the apparatusillustrated, without departing from the spirit and scope of thelinvention, as set forth .by the appended claims. Y

I claim: l. In combination in a jet typewater heater, a shell, adividedwater box, a separate water delivery port communicating with eachdivision of the water box, a separate series of spray nozzlescommunicating with each division of the waterbox, each series of nozzlesbeing of different capacity from the other series, a steam inlet portlocated above the water box, an air oiiitalre portlocated below thewater box and a water collecting channel located Vbetween the spray`'nozzles communicating with each division of said water box andreceiving water therefrom, each series of nozzles being ofl differi entcapacity from the otherfseries, a converging cone extending' downwardlybelow saidwater box and a water receiving channel located between saidcone andsaid spray' vinlet port and said air off-take port, a parti-ktion dividing said box intofcompartments, a separate series of spraynozzles communicating with eachcompartment of said box, one

series of said nozzles being of greater water delivering capacity thanthe other, a converging water collecting passage extending downwardlywithin said shell from a point adjacent said water box to a point belowsaid air off-takeport and an independentA water supply communicatingwith yeach compartment of said water box.

4. In combination in va jet type water heater, a shell provided witha'steam inlet port, a water discharge port and an airofftake portlocated between said first mentioned ports, a divided water boxextending around said shell and located between said inlet port and saidair offtake port and having a separate series of spray nozzlescommunicating with each division of said box, an annular watercollecting channel located below said nozzles and above said offtakeport and a downwardly converging combining cone below said channel andbetween it and said oiftake port.

5. In combination in a jet type water heater, avshell provided with asteam inlet port, a water discharge port and an air offtake port locatedbetween said first mentioned ports, a divided water box located betweensaid inlet port and said air oiftake port, each division thereofprovided with a series of water discharge nozzles of different capacityfrom the water discharge nozzles of other divisions, an annular watercollecting channel between said nozzles and said air oftake portand adownwardly converging combining cone between said channel and said airofftake port.

-6. In combination in a jet type water heater, a shell having a steaminlet port at the top thereof,` a vwater discharge port atv the bottomthereof andan air ofi'take port intermediate said first mentioned ports,a divided water box between said. inlet port each other, and a separatewater supply communicating with each division of said water box.

7 i In combination in a jet type water heater, a` shell provided with asteam inlet eport, a water discharge port and an air off'- take portVlocated between said first. mentioned ports, a divided water boxsurrounding said heater and located between said ins letport andy saidair offtake port, eachy division of which is provided with'a series ofwater discharge nozzles of different capacity from the nozzles of theother division, an annular water collecting channel located immediatelylbelow said nozzles and provided with a notched overflow flange, 'and adownwardly converging combining cone located within said heater andimmediately below said channel.

8. In combination in a feed water heating system, a jet type heatercomprisinga shell having a steam inlet port and a water inlet port andprovided with av series of -spray plane and arranged to deliver water tobe heated in intersectingstreams to the interior thereof, anl annularV-notch weir located within said heater and immediately below saidnozzles, and means for maintaining a vacuum in said heater.

In testimony'whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 24th day ofFebruary, 1927. JAMES A. POWELL.

nozzles located in substantially the same Y io;

and said air offtake port having a series of discharge nozzlescommunicating with each division thereof and of different capacity fromthe supply nozzles of other divisions,

the nozzles of each division being located in substantially the sameplane and arranged to discharge Huid in streams intersecting

